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So does being overweight actually cause insulin resistance or simply aggrivate it?
Insulin resistance has several causes. The genetics of Type II diabetes suggest that there may be two or three genes for insulin resistance, as well as other rarer causes (see the first two examples below). There’s a mitochondrial defect that causes Type II diabetes via maternal inheritance. That cause is believed to be rare, and I don’t know if diet or exercise will do anything to prevent insulin resistance and diabetes in those folks. There are some people who are skinny runners and become Type II diabetic. I have not seen reports on how these people respond to insulin – it’s possible that their form of Type II is caused by something else. Strangely enough, insulin resistance and diabetes are strongly associated with ancestral populations that had high rates of aerobic activity in daily life. Parrots in domesticated environments develop a form of diabetes that appears to be glucagon hypersensitivity (effectively the same as insulin resistance). Interestingly, the two causes of diabetes in birds are thought to be diets rich in fats and lack of aerobic exercise. Parakeets are especially prone to this, and parakeets are aerobic marvels. Parakeets normally have a diet higher in fat, but an all-seed diet is a bit much, even for them. Insulin resistance is thought to be caused by one of several hormones produced by fat cells, or by a lack of a hormone produced by fat cells. In college, I weighed 115 lbs. at 5′9". Through my adult life, there has been a modest gain, up to (what at the time was, I thought a horrid weight of 140 lbs). When I stopped running, my weight ballooned up to 220 lbs, and I became diabetic. If I were to take a guess, I would say that insulin resistance is the cause of obesity in some people, and in some people obesity causes insulin resistance. It’s the only way to explain all the data we have at hand. Most childhood Type II diabetes is the result of large quantities of high-fat foods and lack of exercise. The rate at which T2 diabetes is increasing in the adult population also indicates that there is something wrong, not only genetically, but sociologically. There is the possibility that the genes for insulin resistance are common, and might not even constitute a genetic "defect." They might simply be a necessary adaptation which, in a different environment, has a nasty side-effect. It’s also possible that the genes are designed to kill off those taking too great a fraction of the available food or non-productive members of the community, back when we were hunter-gatherers. I personally prefer the theory that the genes are runner’s genes, and that my diabetes is because I’m a runner at heart and in my genes. Ok, so maybe that’s a psychological trick to get me through the day. Rob
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By the way, another thing which could help is the change the way PE is taught. I HATED PE as a kid/teen. It was all about jocks and indoor sports and calisthenics. I think if we did fun things like rock climbing or rowing (lots of water where I live) or other fun outdoor activities, I might have been more interested.
I suspect there might be a high incidence of PE haters amongst runners. Certainly when I was at school the emphasis was on team sports. If you weren’t good with a ball or otherwise well coordinated school PE was an exercise in ritual humiliation. I’ve never grown to like team sports and that’s one of the reasons why I run now. Tim
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Dr. Atkins in his various books promoting a high protein low calorie diet says the overall increase in American’s weight is due to the availability and increase of starch and sugars in the American diet. Along with this has been an increase in weight related diseases such as diabetes. This starts early, as someone as pointed out, most school cafeterias now have soda machines with 150 calories of sugar in each bottle, as well as ice-cream, etc. This is accompanied by ever larger portions in diners and fast food restaurants. To accomodate this increase in sugar-starch calories, the body increases its capacity to produce insulin. This in turn accomdates the person’s ability to eat more and more sugars and starches, and then immediately be hungry a half an hour later. Eventually with extremely overweight people, they can eat almost continuously and never be hungry. Despite all the American outcry over fat in diets, Americans have not increased their consumption of meats and other fats. They have increased their consumption of sugars and starch. France for example has a diet that is extremely high in fat and butter, much higher than the US, but the weights are lower and the incidence of diabetes and heart attacks lower. Dr. Atkins diet, advocating high protein, low or no sugar-starch, was much maligned by traditional medicine. For years called dangerous, etc., but in recent years many other diet-doctors have advocated such a diet, because it is the only thing that works for people whose bodies can over produce insulin. For these people, simply reducing sugar-starch calories is not enough. They simply get hungry, binge, and then gain back the weight. A low sugar-starch calorie diet will produce weight loss in those who have not gained the ability to produce high amounts of insulin. An all protein-fat diet is difficult, I am on one. For one thing, it is difficult to find any food in america that does not have sugar. For example, ketchup, breads, just about anything. But it does lose weight after a period of adjustment. As another note, I have found that simply running alone does not significantly change weight on a sugar-starch diet. I am several minutes faster over 5km, but I am just a more in-condition heavy person. (This is from being a 145lb high school miler). Over years, my bodies ability accomodate high levels of sugars and starch has produced the ability to generate much insulin and digest pastas, breads, sugars, etc, and yet be hungry very quickly thereafter. The point being that diet is probably more effective and independent of exercise as a method of weight loss. If you are a great producer of insulin, you can exercise, eat starches and sugars, immediately digest them, put back the fat, and be the same weight as if you had not exercised at all. There are no fat vegetarians, to my knowledge. paul streitz
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I was in a major department store yesterday shopping for a belt to replace one that I had which was worn out. I could not find any that were small enough! The rack was full of size Medium (32 – 36 inch waist) and larger sizes. They had no smaller sizes which would accomodate someone with a 30 – 31 " waist. Buying a 32 – 36 belt would mean punching extra holes just to be able to wear it, and then it would have too much extra length. Anyone else having these problems lately? Seems like I have been seeing a lot more "hefty" people these days. Is it just my imagination? Are physically fit people going to be the next ‘minority’ in the USA??
Not being from America I can tell you that the general perception of Americans here is that they are all fat and lazy, and do nothing but eat and watch TV all day. I’m sure it’s not true, but that’s the impression we get across the Atlantic. We ain’t far behind though I suspect. — Brian Wakem
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As for the story about your Dad and the parking ticket… the cop of course just did as he should have and gave him a ticket because he didn’t have a handicapped permit on his car. The judge was clearly a complete ass though. I can’t believe he said that!!!
Maybe I edited it out (trust me, you want me to cut my messages short – I can run on), but my Dad did have the permit on the car. In the cop’s defense, the whole permit system was new at the time, and the cop seemed to think that it only applied to drivers. I wonder which judge it was. We have one judge who fired his staff for telling a higher up the judge was drunk while sitting on the bench. The local newspaper published an article on Feb 14th about the judge, and the judge was bragging about it in the bar, and got thrown out when he took off his shoes and pants. In the judge’s defense, the judge says he doesn’t remember being in that bar that day. Might explain a lot. Rob
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In China, my size was a comfortable M, but in the States it’s S. Size labeling varies depending on where we are. When you travel to Asia, remember to shop for belts on your trip. I am a regular fit person in clothing style. (5′8, 145lb, 38) My dress pants size is 30×30. Even if I can find the right size in the States, they look like a pair of lanterns on me. Need to find the nonpleated. Shopping for shirt is also a problem. With 15.5 neck size, I simply can’t fill up the shirt around waist. Need to find what’s called athletic fit. Tian Liu
– Hide quoted text — Show quoted text – I was in a major department store yesterday shopping for a belt to replace one that I had which was worn out. I could not find any that were small enough! The rack was full of size Medium (32 – 36 inch waist) and larger sizes. They had no smaller sizes which would accomodate someone with a 30 – 31 " waist. Buying a 32 – 36 belt would mean punching extra holes just to be able to wear it, and then it would have too much extra length. Anyone else having these problems lately? Seems like I have been seeing a lot more "hefty" people these days. Is it just my imagination? Are physically fit people going to be the next ‘minority’ in the USA??
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In China, my size was a comfortable M, but in the States it’s S. Size labeling varies depending on where we are. When you travel to Asia, remember to shop for belts on your trip.
In Bangladesh, I got shirts in XXL, the largest they had. The guys are small down there. In Denmark I use shirts in size Large, and might occasionally fit a size M T-shirt. I am a regular fit person in clothing style. (5′8, 145lb, 38) My dress pants size is 30×30. Even if I can find the right size in the States, they look like a pair of lanterns on me. Need to find the nonpleated.
I am 168 cm tall (My calculator can’t convert to ft and inches), 185-190 lbs (20 lbs down when I was in marathon shape, 38" around my waist). I am solidly built. Good strong bones, wide over shoulders (my father game from a farm, so I guess my frame is from there, but I am tiny compared to the cousin who is a blacksmith) Most sizes in Denmark are in centimeters though, and my size is still pretty mainstream.
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On 24 Feb 2002 TenKMan was possessed by a lesser demon and then forced to post this: There was a good article in the USAToday last week about the obesity epidemic which discussed the angle of the food culture and the fact that high fat food is so available and heavily advertized and painted the easy/fast food industry as being pushy with regards to food products.
In the London Financial Times there was an article about how in the near future there will be a pensions crisis as older people live longer. Maybe the government sees some benefit in people dropping dead earlier and therefore encourages the growth of the fastfood industry! — Strider
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- Hide quoted text — Show quoted text – [snip] I only found three reasonable looking vanilla full fat ice creams. There were heaps of reduced fat and heaps with all manner of things added. [snip] Want to see something scary? Next time you’re in the dairy asile, compare the ingredient lists of regular, light and ultra light Philly Cream Chesse. In particualar, compare light to ultra light. The ultra light has more than TWICE the number of ingredients as the regular light! It seems like the "lighter" stuff gets… the more chemicals and crap they put into it. I’m guessing that the ultra light "cream chesse" would look almost exactly like petroleum jelly without all those chemical additives
That’s why, while I do keep my saturated fat intake down, when I DO choose to have a scoop of ice cream now and then, I only eat stuff like Ben & Jerrys. The first ingredients listed are always Cream and Sugar. And there aren’t usually more than a handful of ingredients.
What gets me is people with weight problems NOT eating normal food (vegies, salad, fruit, bread/cereals/pasta, pulses, eggs/cheese/yogurt, and, meat and fish for the carnivores of you out there), but buying some kind of tortured and distorted imitation of real food with less "fat calories", a shitload of sugar or something artificial that taste sweetish. Weird! My approach to ice cream involves real fruit, and a moderate quantity of real ice cream. Casual observation of the general population tells me they go for quantity and appearance. Ultimately their appearance becomes one of great quantity… Maybe a diagnosis of Insulin Resistance would sort a few of them out (it did for a couple of friends of mine). T.
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Tom, I am overweight, and deal with a lot of people who are and are insulin resistant. I have seen resistance to a eating style change and exercise, and preference for drugs instead. That being said, I have the worst absolute time with diet, but exercise a good deal more than I should. Victoria
– Hide quoted text — Show quoted text – What gets me is people with weight problems NOT eating normal food (vegies, salad, fruit, bread/cereals/pasta, pulses, eggs/cheese/yogurt, and, meat and fish for the carnivores of you out there), but buying some kind of tortured and distorted imitation of real food with less "fat calories", a shitload of sugar or something artificial that taste sweetish. Weird! My approach to ice cream involves real fruit, and a moderate quantity of real ice cream. Casual observation of the general population tells me they go for quantity and appearance. Ultimately their appearance becomes one of great quantity… Maybe a diagnosis of Insulin Resistance would sort a few of them out (it did for a couple of friends of mine). T.
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Anyone else having these problems lately? Seems like I have been seeing a lot more "hefty" people these days. Is it just my imagination?
Imagination? Us folks in the good old USA are setting obesity records each year. Are physically fit people going to be the next ‘minority’ in the USA??
And probably have a war; uniforms will not be necessary. — Caveat Lector "the further you go outside, the further you go inside" – B. McKibben Doug Freese
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It’s not just in America! The oddest experience I had yesterday was buying some full fat vanilla ice cream (ie, the standard). The supermarket ice cream section was huge (half an aisle by five shelves), but I only found three reasonable looking vanilla full fat ice creams. There were heaps of reduced fat and heaps with all manner of things added. So, not only is there a fat epidemic, there’s a marketing deception that a dietary solution exists, and that involves less fat, more sugar, and a whole lot of wishful thinking about fulfilment. Tom. – Hide quoted text — Show quoted text – … Are physically fit people going to be the next ‘minority’ in the USA??
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- Hide quoted text — Show quoted text – It’s not just in America! The oddest experience I had yesterday was buying some full fat vanilla ice cream (ie, the standard). The supermarket ice cream section was huge (half an aisle by five shelves), but I only found three reasonable looking vanilla full fat ice creams. There were heaps of reduced fat and heaps with all manner of things added. So, not only is there a fat epidemic, there’s a marketing deception that a dietary solution exists, and that involves less fat, more sugar, and a whole lot of wishful thinking about fulfilment. Tom.
So true. I also read somewhere in the past few days that the portion sizes we normally see are getting larger. This is something most people don’t need. But it is done as a marketing ploy to convince people that they are getting more value for their money. More value while many are risking their long term health. I don’t think the perceived value is worth the health problems being generated, and all the resources which must be mustered to help treat people with disorders which ‘might’ have been preventable in the first place.
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The nearest city (Columbus, Ohio) to me is the 5th, down from 4th last year, fattest city in the USA. Goes to show you that American are really fat! —
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my Dad did have the permit on the car. Opps. Sorry. I read the story pretty quickly.
That’s a problem I have. I type at 60 wpm, and so people tend to read it too fast. Perhaps if I typed slower, my posts wouldn’t be so confusing! <g Rob
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I have also noticed here in Denmark, that there are a lot more teenagers that are fat than in my time.
Same impression when I went back to the UK after 3 years away. Frightening really.
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do read the post first Jonathan
(snip) … because he – Hide quoted text — Show quoted text – didn’t have a handicapped permit on his car. The judge was clearly a complete ass though. I can’t believe he said that!!! — David L. Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Isn’t Homer dead? J
– Hide quoted text — Show quoted text – You came to the wrong conclusion. There were no small belts because people are getting thinner and the demand for smaller clothes is exceeding the supply. My problem is finding shirts that were not designed for Homer Simpson. I was in a major department store yesterday shopping for a belt to replace one that I had which was worn out. I could not find any that were small enough! The rack was full of size Medium (32 – 36 inch waist) and larger sizes. They had no smaller sizes which would accomodate someone with a 30 – 31 " waist. Buying a 32 – 36 belt would mean punching extra holes just to be able to wear it, and then it would have too much extra length. Anyone else having these problems lately? Seems like I have been seeing a lot more "hefty" people these days. Is it just my imagination? Are physically fit people going to be the next ‘minority’ in the USA??
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I was in a major department store yesterday shopping for a belt to replace one that I had which was worn out. I could not find any that were small enough! The rack was full of size Medium (32 – 36 inch waist) and larger sizes. They had no smaller sizes which would accomodate someone with a 30 – 31 " waist. Buying a 32 – 36 belt would mean punching extra holes just to be able to wear it, and then it would have too much extra length.
To talk about this specific problem, let me share what I do with my belts. They are leather and when they get old or I don’t like them anymore, I take them to a shoe repair store and have them cut the belt to size for my kids. It is hard to find a decent kids belt (it seems they are all made of plastic) and for 2 bucks, they get a nice leather belt and there isn’t too much length. I have a belt that I wore for 4 years and now each of my three boys has worn. I had it cut down to fit a 5 year-old so each bot has worn it. There was a good article in the USAToday last week about the obesity epidemic which discussed the angle of the food culture and the fact that high fat food is so available and heavily advertized and painted the easy/fast food industry as being pushy with regards to food products. David Olsen – Hide quoted text — Show quoted text – Anyone else having these problems lately? Seems like I have been seeing a lot more "hefty" people these days. Is it just my imagination? Are physically fit people going to be the next ‘minority’ in the USA??
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… Also, in Canada, the government is now forcing our airlines to give obese people a second seat for free if they cannot physically fit into one seat. I’m not sure how I feel about that. The idea is that by not giving obese people a second seat *for free*, the airlines are guilty of discrimination. Essentially, the outcome of that case was to treat obesity as a disability and pass the costs of this new policy onto the flying public. Again, not sure what I think of that.
Then they should charge plane tickets by weight of passenger instead. Or maybe have the passenger order a seat of a certain width, say like 3 sizes available, so than you can get a more comfortable seat. That would possible make it legal. The obese people are putting enough extra costs on the government. I think it will soon be the time to create a tax that will hit these people. Or all us people who are not very fat will find another place to live. I have also noticed here in Denmark, that there are a lot more teenagers that are fat than in my time. It is quite noticeable in town saturday evening, when they all want to play britney spears. They should try to get closer to a Britney / Jennifer Lopez shape before showing their excessive skin. We had none when I went to school (3 classes, like 65-75 kids), and the biggest guy is just normal size now as grown-up.
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- Hide quoted text — Show quoted text – Anyone else having these problems lately? Seems like I have been seeing a lot more "hefty" people these days. Is it just my imagination? Put it this way… I don’t know if this was an exaggeration or a misrepresentation, but I recently heard from an American friend of mine that in the States, some WalMart stores have golf carts to taxi fat people around the store. Good lord. Want more proof? Anyone see the "Glutton Bowl" on Fox last Thursday? Frightening… not to mention just plain gross. The funniest thing was when this little Asian fellow (130 lbs. and quote muscular… unlike his 300 lb. competition) ate 32 hotdogs in… I don’t know… 5 minutes? When he won, the commentators said, "Ladies and Gentlemen, now THERE is an athlete at the top of his game". Athlete?! I know it was Fox… but still… that was just beyond belief! Also, in Canada, the government is now forcing our airlines to give obese people a second seat for free if they cannot physically fit into one seat. I’m not sure how I feel about that. The idea is that by not giving obese people a second seat *for free*, the airlines are guilty of discrimination. Essentially, the outcome of that case was to treat obesity as a disability and pass the costs of this new policy onto the flying public. Again, not sure what I think of that.
Wow! If you get enough of those folks on your flight, the plane might not get off the ground! Somehow, somewhere along the line, things seem to have gotten off track. There will probably be a huge wave of people dying from heart disease in the not too distant future, if it isn’t already happening. In a way, it is very sad.
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but I recently heard from an American friend of mine that in the States, some WalMart stores have golf carts to taxi fat people around the store.
The "golf carts" are supposed to be for those with leg, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, arthritis, or respiratory problems that make getting around the store too difficult. Are they used by fat people? Probably, but the morbidly obese are also at risk for joint problems and diabetes. Realize that I know people who were diagnosed with diabetes when they had to get their feet amputated. Are there people who shouldn’t be using them? Yeah. But for the majority of users, the carts enable them to have a more normal life than they might otherwise. Rob (My father was given a ticket for parking in a handicapped space using a handicapped permit, yet was obviously not handicapped. What the cop failed to realize was that he was going in to pick up my mother, who was wheelchair bound from multiple strokes. My dad had hoped to make her life a little better by taking her out for a hair appointment. The judge said that if my mother was that handicapped, she should stay home, and made my dad pay the ticket.) (Oh, who’s cranky today? I gotta get off this computer and go running.)
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I was in a major department store yesterday shopping for a belt to replace one that I had which was worn out. I could not find any that were small enough! The rack was full of size Medium (32 – 36 inch waist) and larger sizes. They had no smaller sizes which would accomodate someone with a 30 – 31 " waist. Buying a 32 – 36 belt would mean punching extra holes just to be able to wear it, and then it would have too much extra length. Anyone else having these problems lately? Seems like I have been seeing a lot more "hefty" people these days. Is it just my imagination? Are physically fit people going to be the next ‘minority’ in the USA??
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You came to the wrong conclusion. There were no small belts because people are getting thinner and the demand for smaller clothes is exceeding the supply. My problem is finding shirts that were not designed for Homer Simpson. – Hide quoted text — Show quoted text – I was in a major department store yesterday shopping for a belt to replace one that I had which was worn out. I could not find any that were small enough! The rack was full of size Medium (32 – 36 inch waist) and larger sizes. They had no smaller sizes which would accomodate someone with a 30 – 31 " waist. Buying a 32 – 36 belt would mean punching extra holes just to be able to wear it, and then it would have too much extra length. Anyone else having these problems lately? Seems like I have been seeing a lot more "hefty" people these days. Is it just my imagination? Are physically fit people going to be the next ‘minority’ in the USA??
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<<Anyone else having these problems lately? Seems like I have been seeing a lot more "hefty" people these days. Is it just my imagination? Are physically fit people going to be the next ‘minority’ in the USA?? We already ARE! 60% of people are overweight! Look around sometime in a public cross-section place like Disneyland or a highway rest area and you will see way more heavy people than average-weight people. Yesterday we popped into a new Starbucks (out of town, visiting my MIL) and all but one of the teens behind the counter were overweight. Seems like "back in my day" (20-25 years ago) that was not the case – there were one or two fat kids, not *most* of them!! :-o In a culture where "fries and Coke" are a kid’s (my nephew’s) first words, what else do you expect?
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